Journal of Applied and Integrative Biology
ISSN: 3139-1567 (Online)
Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, India
*Corresponding author: amani@mnnit.ac.in
Received: 12 Nov 2025 | Accepted: 22 Dec 2025 | Published: 26 Dec 2025
Cancer drug development has evolved significantly with the advent of transcriptomic technologies. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into gene expression changes associated with tumor progression, enabling the identification of novel therapeutic targets. This review highlights recent advances in transcriptome-based drug discovery, including RNA sequencing, differential gene expression analysis, and pathway enrichment. It also discusses the integration of bioinformatics tools in identifying biomarkers and drug targets. The study emphasizes the importance of transcriptomic approaches in precision medicine and future cancer therapeutics.
Transcriptomics, Cancer drug development, RNA-Seq, Biomarkers, Precision medicine
Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating continuous innovation in drug development. Traditional drug discovery approaches are often time-consuming and costly. Transcriptomic analysis offers a powerful alternative by enabling genome-wide assessment of gene expression patterns associated with disease states.
Recent developments in high-throughput sequencing technologies, particularly RNA-Seq, have revolutionized transcriptomic studies. These methods allow accurate quantification of gene expression, detection of novel transcripts, and identification of alternative splicing events.
Transcriptomic data plays a crucial role in identifying potential drug targets, understanding drug resistance mechanisms, and predicting therapeutic responses. Integration with computational tools enhances the efficiency of candidate selection.
Despite its advantages, transcriptome-based drug discovery faces challenges such as data complexity, variability, and integration with other omics datasets. Future research should focus on improving analytical pipelines and clinical translation.
Transcriptome analysis is transforming cancer drug development by enabling data-driven discovery of therapeutic targets. Continued advancements in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics will further enhance its impact.
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